How would you call a situation where someone does not really understand something? What does understanding actually mean to you? Scientifically we could explain misunderstanding as a contrary to understanding. So, yes, let us look in to it and try to analyze it from some real example.
Following factors can contribute to some kind of misunderstanding: language knowledge, expressing difficulties, ignoring the fact, avoiding to cooperate. If you do not understand a language good enough, you will have difficulties to understand everything. If someone you listen at can not express himself or herself, it will lead to some misunderstanding. Also, if you ignore the fact that something is as it is, you will not be able to understand something correctly. And if you do not cooperate in some communication, that will lead in to a misunderstanding.

What can happen when we finally misunderstand something or each other? Then, we or some of us, can start accusing the other part. In that situation, some unexpected conflicts can start. Or it can lead to some kind of dissatisfaction. A perfect example is when a customer totally ignores the fact that something is as it is or that there are some rules which must be respected by the employees. If that customer simply requires that his or her wish must be fulfilled without cooperating, then we have a typical situation where accusing the employee for something can be result of a misunderstanding.
Misunderstanding and accusing is very dangerous. How can we avoid that? Trying to show respect for the other part can be a good start. The respect can make it easier to understand each other and the communication can be better. However, the conflicts are never good, but they can end better if we try to concentrate on respect and understanding. It is not always that easy when it is about private conflict between two or more persons. On the other side, the conflicts between a customer and a company can always be solved by leaving the company and their services. Actually, some problems can be solved by expressing the wish to cancel all services.
Being a customer and trying to accuse a company for something is not a good idea. Almost all companies have their terms of use that must be read and accepted. If a customer is angry because of something, accusing a company can be a tool for showing the own frustration, but it is not sure that it can help winning the fight. The experience shows that different companies are willing to keep their customers and they will try to help as much as possible. That does not make the customer to a winner, but it shows that problems with misunderstanding can be solved better than expected.